Improvement in machines for heading bolts



i l, i

W I Q A @l u 0 *t tlmted tant latent @ffne- 'TREAT T. PROSSER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

Letters Patent No. 88,981, dated April 13, 1869.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom it may concern.:

Be it known I, that TREAT T. Pnossnn, of Chicago, in the county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Heading Bolts and Forging Nut-s; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, referencel being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, like letters indicating like parts, wherever they occur.

'To enable others skilled in the art to construct and use my invention, I will proceed todescribe it.

My invention consists in a novel construction of a machine, for heading bolt-s, and also for forging, or shaping nuts, as hereinafter explained.

Figure l is a side elevation of the machine complete, with a portion broken away, for the purpose of more clearly exhibiting the parts.

Figure-2 is a transverse section, taken on the line :z5-a: of l,- looking from above downward.

Figure 3 isa plan View, looking from below, of a portion detached.

Figure 4 is a transverse section of the same, taken on the line y-y of iig. 3; and

Figures 5, (3, 7, and 8 are views ofportions shown detached, and more in detail.

In constructing my machine, I first provide a platform, or base A, lig. l, which may consist of a castiron circular bed-plate, having a vertical ange, or simply feet projecting downward, and resting on the floor, thus raising the bed-plate proper high enough to permit some ofthe devices to work underneath the same, as shown in l.

Upon this base I mount two strong posts B, and on them, a short distance above the base, I secure a strong pla-tc, C, which has four arms K projecting radially from its centre, this plate serving the threefold purposeofa guide for the hammer, and, with its arms K, a' guide for the dies and a support for a portion of the operating mechanism.

Still above this plate C, I mount, on the posts B, another strong plate D, which serves as a guide for the upper portion of the hammer H, and also as a support to a vertically-projecting arm, F, on two opposite sides, which arms serve, at their upper ends, as bearings tor vertical shaft-s I, as represented in 1.

At the top of thc posts B, -I place another plate R, which forms a bearing for the main driving-shaft J.

Upon the base A, I place a circular bed, or anvil T, which is `iournalled on one of the posts B, which passes through a hole at its centre, so that said plate T rotates around said post B, the plate, or anvil T being of such a dia-meter that it will reach a little beyond the cent-rc of the bed A, or nearly to the other post B, as shown clearly in 2, this plate T being provided with teeth on its periphery, for imparting motion to it, as hereinafter explained.

At the extremity of each of the iburarms K of the plate C, is located a vertical shaft b, carrying an eccentric, M, (see lig. 2,) which is connected by a strap, or yoke on, to a die, P, by means of a pivot, af, the rear end, or arm t of these dies being formed dovet-ailed, as represented'inl iig. 5, so as to work in a corresponding groove inthe under side of the arms K, and thereby guide the dies, and cause them to work in a straight line, to and fro, when operated by the eccentrics M, the eccentrics being so arranged in pairs as to cause the dies,.which stand directly. opposite each, to advance or recede simultaneously, first one and then the other pair moving alternately, as showv in tig. 2.

In the plate, or anvil T, a series ofuholes is made, to receive and hold a couple of standing dies, or jaws z' and i', having arecess formedin their adjoining faces, so that when placed together theywill serve to receive and hold the bolt to be headed, the j aw t having an arm projecting outwardly, as shown in igs.` 1 and 2, which arm, as the plate T revolves and brings it under the hammer, strikes against an eccentric g, secured to the opposite post B, which thereby presses the jaw t" inward, and thus clasps and holds the bolt, or spike firmly between it 'and the jaw i, while being operated upon by the dies P and the hammer H, the jaw 'i' being released the moment it passes the eccentric g.

The eccentric is made adjustable on the post B, so that by turning it thereon it may be made to press against the jaw i, with more or less force, as may be required, and as shown in tig. l. Y

The hammer consists of a plunger, or weight H, working vertically in holes in the centre of the plates C and I), and is operated by a pitman, E, connected to a crank (shown in red lines) on the driving-shaft J, the pitman E being connected to the hammer H by a sliding stem, working in the upper end of the hammer, to insure a dead stroke, or blow, as is customary in this class of hammers.

Motion is transmitted to the dies P and the rotating-plate, or anvil T, by means of two vertical shafts I, standing opposite each other, and each being driven by a bevel-gear, l, at its upper end, which engages with a similar gear-wheel p, on the opposite ends of the main, or driving-shaft-J.

Each of these shafts I has mounted on it a spur'- gear wheel I', at such a position as to gear into corresponding wheels L, secured to the shafts l), by which the latter are caused to rotate, carrying with them the eccentrics M, and thereby operating the dies P.

On one of the shafts I there is also secured, at its lower end, just above the base A, a pinion, o, iig. 1, which gears into another pinion h, which, in turn,

gears into a toothed ring, Q, Which fits into a recess on the under side of plate T, as shownolearly in fig. 2, this ring Q being ot' the same external diameter as the plate T, and its teeth coming out flush with the teeth ofthe plate T, as represented in igs. l and 2.

Loosely upon the shaft I, and just over the pinion c, is mounted another pinion b', which is provided, on its' upper side, with a hub, f, having two notches formed in it, to receive a key, a, which is secured rigidly to a rod, e, which extends from the end of a spring-arm, u, up through the base A, and up into the lower portion of shaft I, which is made hollow to receive it, and which also has a slot formed in it, to permit the keya to move up and down with the rod c, so as to engage with the notches of the hub f, and be released from the same, 'at intervals, as required-the key a and the notched hub f thusforming a clutch, by which the pinion b is caused to rotate with the shaft I, when the key and hub engage, or is permitted to remain staf tionary when they are disengaged.

Another pinion al is mounted on a stud, in such a position as to gear on one side into the loose pinion b', and on the other side into the teeth of plate T, whereby the latter is caused to rotate whenever the key a engages with the hub of the loose pulley b', and to remain stationary whenever they are disengaged.

The plate T is intended to remain stationary long enough to permit the head to be formed, by the joint operation ofthe hammer and the dies.

In order to effect this, I secure to the under side of the base A the spring-arm u, to the end of which is attached the sliding-rod e that. raises and lowers the key a, as previously described; and to this arm u I also.

attach .two bolts, or pins r and s, the first of which has its point bearing in a groove, o, formed in the under side of the ring Q, while the latter has its point engaging in holes It, in the under face of plate T, as shown in fig. 3.

The groove o, as represented in fig. 3, does not eX- tend entirely around, but a portion ofthe ring Z is left without any groove, so that when that portion of the ring comes over the pin fr, it throws down the arm u., lthereby withdrawing the pin S from the hole k in the plate T, and at the same time'drawsdown the rod c, and causes the key c to engage with the hub f of pinion b, by which the plate T is rotated until the next hole k comes over the pin S, which again locks the plate T, and holds it in position while a head is formed, as before.

It will thus be seen that while the ring Q is continuously iu motion, the plate T moves only at intervals,

which are regulated by the comparative speed of the' two, or by the number of times the arm a shall be operated by the cams Z on the face of the ring Q, of which there may, ofcourse, be any desired number.

In the present instance I have represented four sets of holding dies i and fi, and have, therefore, arranged the parts so as to give to the plate T a quarter revolution -at each movement.

The bolt lto be headed is dropped into position between the jaws c' and i', when the plate T is stationary, and at that point which is nearest the outside of the machine.

As the plate T rotates, it carries the bolt around under the hammer H, where it remains (the plate stopping so as to hold it at that point) while the dies P press its head alternately on opposite sides, and the hammer hits it a blow on the top, the strokes of the hammer and the pressures of the dies being equal in number. A

As the plate T rotates, it brings at each movement a tinished bolt, around from under the hammer, to near the point Where the operator stands, and where it is thrown out by a follower, fn, which works loosely in the hole between the jaws i and i', which is forced suddenly upward by a bolt, a', attached to a springarm, "W, also located within the hollow base A, as shown in igs. 4 and 8. Y

The point oli' the bolt n rests in a groove r, g. 3, which groove is arranged to pass under the jaws that hold the bolt, and is so inclined on the side opposite that at which the bolt a enters the recess, that as soon as the plate T commences to revolve the bolt is forced down, thereby bringing on the arm NV a pressure, or tension that serves to force the bolt yn suddenly against the bottom of the follower n, as soon as the plats has turned far enough to bring the latter over the former, as'shownin fig. 8, which is a section-on the line z-z of iig. 3.

By this means each bolt is forced suddenly out of the recess, as it is brought around to the proper point, the operator at the same time supplying the recess in front with a fresh bolt to be operated upon.

The machine may be so geared as to strike any required number of blows upon each head, there being eight blows of the hammer and eight strokes of each pair of dies in the present case.

It is also obvious that the rotating plate, or anvil T may be provided with any desired number of recesses for receiving and holding the bolts, the cam l on the ring Q being arranged to so operate the clutch-rod e and the locking-pin S as to correspond therewith.

The dies P may have their points so recessed as to permit the insertion or removal of dies of special forms and sizes, as represented by a, iig. 5, so as to adapt -the machine to the forming of heads of any desired form or size.

By forming the face of the dies P, and arranging them to overlap, as represented in fig. 6, it will be seen that a round head may be formed without leaving any tin, or projecting points thereon;. and by forming the face of the hammer concave, as represented in section in lig. 7 the top of the head may be rounded more or less, as may be desired, and thus the head. be nished complete, with the exception of polishing them, in those cases where it is desired to do so.

By this machine, nuts may likewise be formed as readily as bolt-heads, and that, too, without any change in the machine.

To do this, the nuts, or rough blanks should first be punchedv with a hole of the requisite size, and then slipped on tothe end of an arbor of proper size and length, to'dt between the clamping-jaws i and t", when it is inserted and operated upon the same as a bolt, the arbor in this case simply taking the place of the body of the bolt, and serving to hold the nut in place, and also to prevent the hole in it from being obliterated or distorted.

By using an arbor that has a screwthread cut on it at the point where the nut is put on, and then having the dies P compress the nut, the thread will be formed in the nut at the same operation.

By this construction I am able to produce a machine that performs its work in a very efficient manner, producing a superior article, and that performs its work automatically and rapidly.

Having thus described my invention,

NVhat I claim, is-

l. As an improvement in bolt-heading machines, the hammer H, the pressing dies P, and the rotatinganvil, or table T, when said parts are constructed and arranged to operate substantially as and for the purpose set forth. Y.

2. The rotating-table T, with the clamping-jawsfil and fl', arranged to operate in connection with the adjustable eccentric g, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. The curved dies P, in combination with the rotating-table T, when said parts are constructed and arranged as described, to permit the blanks to be vcarried around under the dies, and brought to the required position for being operated upon, and then moved to the point of discharge, as set forth.

4. The combination of the table T, ring Q, and the spring-arm u, with the bolts s, r, and e attached thereto, with the gear-wheels d, c, h., and b all arranged to operate -substantially as described.

5. The arrangement of lthe spring-arm W with its pin n', operating in connection with the inclined grooves pose of operating the hammer H and the dies P, as

v in the under side of the table T, for ejeeting the nand for the purpose set forth.

ished bolts, substantially as described. T. T. PROSSER.

6. The arrangement of the shaft; J with its crank Witnesses:

and bevel-gear p, the shafts I, with the wheels l and J. MCKENNEY,

I', and the shafts b, with the wheels L and eccentrics W. C. DODGE.

M, all substantially as herein described, for the pur- 

